Free AIOU Solved Assignment Code 826 Autumn 2022
ASSIGNMENT No. 1
Q. No. 1 Elucidate the role of public and private sector in elementary education. Discuss the initiatives of government of Pakistan in this context. (20)
سوال نمبر1 ابتدائی تعلیم میں عوامی اور نجی شعبے کے کردار کو واضح کریں۔ اس سلسلے میں پاکستان کی حکومت کے اقدامات پر تبادلہ خیال کریں۔
Higher education plays a significant role in socioeconomic development, contributing to the growth and competitiveness of nations. It is widely accepted that educated populations are better equipped to drive economic progress, enhance innovation, and improve the standard of living for citizens. Here, we will examine the contribution of higher education to socioeconomic development and support our answer with relevant data and research.
Economic Growth: Education, and especially higher education, is a key driver of economic growth. According to the World Bank, a one-year increase in the average years of schooling of a country’s population is associated with an increase in its Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita of approximately 0.37%. A study by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) found that countries with higher levels of educational attainment had higher rates of economic growth. For example, between 1995 and 2009, countries with higher levels of education increased their GDP per capita by an average of 2.2% per year, compared to just 1.7% for countries with lower educational levels.
Job Creation: Higher education also contributes to job creation, both directly and indirectly. Directly, higher education institutions are significant employers themselves, creating jobs for faculty, staff, and administrators. Additionally, the knowledge and skills that students acquire through higher education can lead to the creation of new businesses and industries. For example, in the United States, college-educated workers are more likely to start their own businesses, with nearly half of all new businesses being started by individuals with a college degree.
Q. No. 2 Describe in the light of Paget’s theory the cognitive and intellectual development of a child at different levels. (20)
سوال نمبر 2 پیاجے کے نظریہ کی روشنی میں بچے کی مختلف سطحوں پر ذہنی اور دانشورانہ نشوونما کو واضح کریں۔
Teacher education is a crucial component in the development of a country’s education system. In Pakistan, teacher education has faced several challenges that hinder the quality of education provided to students. These challenges include lack of qualified teachers, poor teacher training programs, inadequate resources and facilities, and low salaries. This essay will explore how research can help to solve the problems faced by teacher education in Pakistan.
The Importance of Qualified Teachers:
One of the most significant challenges faced by teacher education in Pakistan is the shortage of qualified teachers. Research has shown that teachers play a vital role in shaping the educational outcomes of students. Therefore, it is crucial to ensure that teachers have the necessary skills and knowledge to effectively deliver their lessons. Research can help address this challenge by providing evidence-based recommendations on the qualities and characteristics that make a good teacher. This information can be used to inform the design of teacher training programs and the selection criteria for new teachers.
Q. No. 3 ‘Personality development occurs early in life but later years provide an opportunity for the modification of previously developed trends’. Discuss. (20)
سوال نمبر 3 شخصیت کی تشکیل زندگی کے ابتدا میں ہوتی ہے لیکن بعد کے سال پہلے سے تیار کردہ رجحانات کی ترمیم کے لی ایک موقع فراہم کرتے ہیں۔ بحث کریں۔
The Islamic system of teacher education and training has a long and well-organized history, dating back to the 7th century when Islam was founded. The following are some examples that illustrate the importance placed on education and teacher training in Islamic tradition.
Madrasah system:
One of the earliest examples of organized teacher education and training in Islamic tradition is the Madrasah system. Madrasahs were Islamic schools that taught students a range of subjects including religious studies, science, mathematics, and language. The teachers in these schools were highly trained and respected individuals who were selected for their knowledge and teaching skills.
Role of scholars:
Islamic scholars played a crucial role in the development of the education system in Islamic societies. They not only taught in the Madrasahs but also wrote books and manuscripts on various subjects, providing guidance to teachers and students alike. Some famous Islamic scholars who made significant contributions to education include Al-Farabi, Al-Baqillani, and Al-Ghazali.
Q. No. 4 Explain the inter-relationship of language skills. How does the classroom environment affect them? (20)
سوال نمبر 4 زبان کی مہارتوں کے مابین تعلق کی وضاحت کریں۔جماعت کا ماحول ان کو کیسے متاثر کرتا ہے؟
Induction Training: Scope and Significance
Induction training refers to the process of introducing new employees to the organization, its culture, policies, and procedures. The scope of induction training covers a wide range of topics, including job responsibilities, organizational structure, company history, and mission, as well as health and safety policies, quality control, and performance expectations. The objective of induction training is to ensure that new employees understand the company’s expectations and are equipped with the necessary knowledge and skills to perform their jobs effectively.
Significance of Induction Training
Improved Productivity:
Induction training helps new employees understand their job responsibilities, the organization’s culture, and procedures, which in turn leads to improved productivity.
Better Retention Rates:
Induction training helps new employees feel welcomed and valued, which can improve employee satisfaction and reduce turnover rates.
Increased Knowledge and Skills: Induction training provides employees with the necessary knowledge and skills to perform their jobs effectively, which can improve overall job performance.
Improved Safety:
Induction training helps employees understand the organization’s health and safety policies, which can reduce the risk of accidents and injuries in the workplace.
Q. No. 5 Differentiate between role-play and simulation. Discuss the use of each for making teaching learning process effective at elementary level. (20)
سوال نمبر 5 رول پلے اور سمولیشن کے درمیان فرق واضح کریں۔ ابتدائی تعلیمی سطح پر سیکھنے کے عمل کو مؤثر بنانے کے لیے ہر ایک کے استعمال پر تبادلہ خیال کریں۔
Introduction:
The National Education Policy (NEP) is a vital document that outlines the direction of the education sector in a country. It lays down the framework for the development and improvement of the education system. The NEP of Pakistan was first introduced in 1979, and since then, several revisions have been made to it. The NEP of 1998-2010 is considered a critical period in the history of education policy in Pakistan, as it introduced several new ideas and approaches to education. This policy focused on the development of the teacher education sector and aimed to improve the quality of education. This paper will discuss the structure and future of teacher education in light of the National Education Policy 1998-2010.
The Structure of Teacher Education in NEP 1998-2010:
The NEP of 1998-2010 aimed to improve the quality of education by providing quality teacher education. The policy recognized that the quality of education is directly linked to the quality of teachers, and thus, it emphasized the need to improve the teacher education sector. The structure of teacher education in this policy was based on four key components: teacher preparation, professional development, recruitment, and evaluation.
Teacher Preparation
The NEP of 1998-2010 aimed to improve the quality of teacher preparation by introducing new and innovative programs for teacher education. The policy emphasized the need for a comprehensive and integrated approach to teacher preparation, which included both theoretical and practical components. The policy also emphasized the need for continuous professional development of teachers to keep them updated with the latest pedagogical approaches and practices.
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